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KXOK (defunct)
KXOK (630 AM) was a radio station in St. Louis, Missouri, which helped pioneer the Top 40 radio format in the early-1950s. But long before that, it was the subject of a prolonged legal battle in the mid-1930s, which nearly prevented it from going on the air at all. 〔 "Radio Is Not a Public Utility, U.S. Appellate Court Holds," Broadcasting Magazine, December 15, 1937, p. 27. 〕
In its heyday as a top-40 station, KXOK broadcast on the 630 kHz frequency with 5,000 watts of power and reached a substantial portion of eastern Missouri and southern Illinois during daytime hours. At night, the power was 5,000 watts as well, but with a more directional signal, sending a strong signal into the immediate St. Louis metro area, from KXOK's three tower site just outside Granite City, Illinois.
==Early history==
In 1935, Elzey Roberts, publisher of the ''St. Louis Star-Times'', applied for a license to put a new radio station on the air. He already owned station KFRU in Columbia, MO, and wanted a station in the larger St. Louis market. But his license request was challenged by two other stations in the market, KSD and WIL; the legal battle dragged on until late 1937, when the court granted Roberts' request and the FCC assigned the KXOK call letters. WIL decided to appeal, but in late March 1938, they lost. KXOK was given permission to begin building the new station. 〔 Sun-Times Gets Station as Supreme Court Rules," Broadcasting, April 1, 1938, p. 26. 〕 New General Manager Ray V. Hamilton announced the station would be dedicated in mid-August 1938, but there were further delays in building it. 〔 "New St. Louis Station KXOK To Be Dedicated by Stat-Times in August," Broadcasting, June 15, 1938, p. 42. 〕 KXOK finally made its debut on September 19, 1938. Allen Franklin was the first Program Director; he came from station WLW in Cincinnati. Among the air staff was Paul Aurandt, who came there from KOMA in Oklahoma City-- he would later become famous as Paul Harvey. 〔 "KXOK in St. Louis to Debut September 19," Broadcasting, September 15, 1938, p. 26. 〕 KXOK began its life at 1250 kc and was affiliated with the Mutual Network. But on October 26, 1940, it moved to the 630 location on the AM dial, and became affiliated with NBC Blue (later called the Blue Network). 〔 Promotion Drive for KXOK Shift," Broadcasting, December 1, 1940, p. 74. 〕 Elzey Robert continued to own the station until 1954, when his son Elzey Roberts Jr. and an associate, Chester L. Thomas, took it over.
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